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Babban Bankin Najeriya - CBN

Gabatarwa


Babban Bankin Najeriya, wanda ake rubuta shi da CBN, wadda kuma taƙaitawa ce ta Central Bank of Nigeria, shi ne bankin da ke da ruwa-da-tsaki wajen gudanar da harkokin kuɗaɗen gwamnatin Jamhuriyyar Tarayyar Najeriya a hukumance. Banki ne da doka ta kafa shi a shekarar 1958 sannan kuma ya kama aiki a ranar 1 ga watan Juli na shekarar 1959 (1st July, 1959).

Kafuwa

An kafa Babban Bankin Najeriya a shekarar 1958 sannan kuma ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga watan Juli na shekarar 1959 (CBN, 2020; Danladi, 2005).

Doka

Tushen dokar da ta kafa wannan banki ita ce dokar Majalisar Tarayya ta shekarar 1958 wadda aka yi wa gyare-gyaren fuska a shekarun 1991, 1993, 1997, 1999 da kuma 2007.

Manufar Kafa Bankin

Dokar Gwamnatin Tarayyar Najeriya mai taken Dokar Babban Bankin Najeriya ta shekarar 2007, wadda ita ce ta ƙarshe, ita ta ɗora wa Babban Bankin alhakin gudanarwa, sarrafawa da kuma dukkan wani abu da ya shafi kuɗi ta fuskacin dokoki da tsare-tsare da suka shafi Gwamnatin Tarayya. Cewa bankin shi ke da alhakin:

  • Tabbatar da  dawamammen kuɗi da kuma farashi (Abin nufi shi ne samar da tsayayyen kuɗi da kuma ƙayadadden farashi);
  • Samar da na’ukan kuɗaɗen (Ƙwandaloli da takardun kuɗi wanda aka yadda a yi mu’amalar cinikayya da ma duk wani abu da ya shafi kuɗi da su a ciki da wajen Najeriya) Najeriya (Latsa Nan Ka Ga Yadda Suke);
  • Kula da asusun kar-ta-kwana na waje (External reserve) domin kare darajar kuɗaɗen Najeriya a tsakanin ƙasashe;
  • Haɓɓaka kyakkyawan tsarin kuɗaɗe (Financial system) a Najeriya; da kuma
  • Zama Asusun gwamnati tare da bai wa Gwamnatin Tarayya shawara ta fuskacin tattalin arziƙi da kuɗaɗe.

A shekarar 1991 da aka yi wa dokar bankin gyaran fuska, wadda aka yi wa laƙabi da Dokar Bankuna da Sauran Kamfanonin Hadar-Hadar Kuɗi; Banks and Other Financial Institutions wadda ake taƙaitawa da BOFI, ta sake ɗora alhakin gudanar da sauran Bankuna da Kamfanonin Hada-hadar kuɗaɗe a Najeriya da manufa ta haɓɓaka harkokin banki da hada-hadar kuɗaɗe tare kuma da haɓɓaka ingantaccen tsarin biyan kuɗi a Najeriya.

Haka nan kuma dai bankin a tsawon shekarunsa na ayyuka ya tsoma hannu wajen samar da cigaba a wasu muhimman sassa masu tasiri a cikin lamarin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa kamar irin su aikin gona; fannin kuɗi (finance); fannin masana’antu da sauransu.

Tarihi

Babban Bankin Najeriya (2020); Danladi (2005); Ojukwu‐Ogba (2009), sun bayyana cewa, tushen kafuwar Babban Bankin Najeriya shi ne hada-hadar bankin zamanin Turawan Mulkin-Mallaka, wanda a cikin shekarar 1892 wasu Turawa ‘yan kasuwa suka fara kafawa a matakin farko. Bankin da suka kafa mai suna African Banking Corporation, shi ne ya rikiɗe sannu a hankali ya koma banki mafi daɗewa a Najeriya wato First Bank of Nigeria PLC.

Kwamatin G.D. Paton da aka kafa a shekarar 1952 domin gudanar da bincike game da yadda harkokin banki suka gudana a tsawon wasu shekaru tun farkon kafa bankin a Najeriya, shi ya kai ga samar da dokar Turawa (Ordinance) a shekarar 1952 wadda ta kafa tushen kafuwar Babban Bankin Najeriya.

Dokar ta buƙaci a samar da tsararren bankin kasuwanci tare kuma da kare samuwar bankuna marasa karsashi. Daga ƙarshe ta kai ga samar da ƙudurin dokar Majalisar Najeriya wadda ta buƙaci samar da Babban Bankin Najeriya wadda aka miƙa ta ga Majilasar Wakilai ta Tarayya a watan Maris na shekarar 1958. Ƙudurin shi ya zama dokar da aka aiwatar da ita a ranar 1 ga watan Juli na shekarar 1959, ta hanyar samar da Babban Bankin ƙasa wanda ya fara aiki gadan-gadan a wannan rana.

Dokar Babban Banki Najeriya

Tushen dokar Babban Bankin Tarayyar Jamhuriyar Najeriya yana farowa ne daga shekarar 1958 kamar yadda ya gabata a farkon wannan rubutu. Za mu waiwaici muhimmai daga cikin waɗannan dokoki mu ga wasu abubuwan da suka ƙunsa:

Dokar Babban Banki ta 1958

Dokoki biyu; Dokar Babban Banki ta 1958 (Central Bank Act 1958) da kuma Dokar Babban Banki ta 1969 (Banking Decree 1969), waɗanda duk an yi musu gyare-gyaren fuska su suka zama ginshiƙin gudanawar Babban Bankin Najeriya da kuma gudanar da sauran bankuna a hukumance.

1986: A shekarar 1986, an samu gagarumin sauyin tattalin arziƙi da kuma kawar da tsauraran dokokin harkokin banki, ta hanyar samun ƙarin yawaitar bankuna da kuma samuwar kamfanonin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe waɗanda suka biyo bayan karɓar shirin samar da cigaba, wanda aka fi sani da SAP.

1991: Doka ta 24 da ta 25 na shekarar 1991; dokar Bankuna da Sauran Kamfanonin Hada-Hadar Kuɗaɗe (The Banks and Other Financial Institutions (BOFI) Decrees 24 and 25 of 1991), su suka yi gyare-gyaren fuska ga Dokar Banki ta shekarar 1969 (Banking Decree 1969), ta hanyar faɗaɗa ƙarfin ikon Babban Bankin Najeriya ya samu damar tsara ƙa’idoji da kuma tafikar da harkokin kuɗi da kuma kula da gudanawar sauran bankuna da kuma kamfanonin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe a Najeriya.

Sauye-Sauyen 1997

Sauye-sauyen wannan shekara game da Babban Bankin Najeriya, shi ya ƙunshi dokar da ta yi ƙoƙarin raba Babban Bankin da muhimman ayyukan da aka kafa shi domin su; waɗanda ya zuwa lokacin ya kwashe shekaru 38 yana aiwatarwa. Aka ɗauki ragamar kula da bankin da sauran ɗawainiyoyin sauran bankuna da kamfanonin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe aka damƙa ta a hannun ministan kuɗi. Ragowar ayyukan saka ido da ‘yan abubuwan da ba za a rasa ba na tsara ƙa’idodi suka saura a hannun Babban Bankin.

Sauye-Sauyen 1998

Dokar Babban Bankin Najeriya mai lamba 37 ta shekarar 1998 (CBN (Amendment) Decree No. 37 of 1998) ita ta sabunta Dokar Babban Bankin Najeriya mai lamba 3 ta shekarar 1997 (CBN (Amended) Decree No. 3 of 1997), ita ce dokar da ta sake mayar wa da Babban Bankin cikakkiyar damarsa ta gudanar da ayyukan da aka kafa shi domin su tun asali.

Sauye-Sauyen Dokar BOFI ta 1998

Sabuwar dokar sauran bankuna da kamfanonin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe (Banks and Other Financial Institutions BOFI) mai lamba 38 ta shekarar 1998 wadda kuma sabuntawa ce ta doka mai lamba 4 ta shekarar 1997, ta sake ƙarfafar guiwar Babban Bankin Najeriya wadda ta bashi damar sauyawa ko soke sharruɗan bayar da lasisi ko kuma samar da wasu sababbin sharruɗa ko ƙara wasu game da bayar da lasisin gudanar da bankunan kasuwanci a ƙasa.

Sauye-Sauyen 1999

Sabuwar dokar BOFI mai lamba 40 wadda aka yi a 1999, ta bayar da damar aiwatar da dokar bankuna da suka gaza a kan kamfanonin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe tare kuma da bai wa Gwamnan Babban Bankin damar cire dukkan manaja ko wani jami’in bankin da ya gaza ko kamfanin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe.

Dokar Babban Bankin Najeriya ta 2007 (The CBN Act 2007)

Dokar Babban Bankin Najeriya ta shekarar 2007 (the CBN Act of 2007), ita ce ta samar da sabon tsarin da Babban Bankin Najeriya yake tafiya a kan sa a halin yanzu, ita ce dokar da ta inganta dokar Babban Banki ta shekarar 1991 (CBN Act of 1991) da kuma dukkan sauye-sauyen da suka biyo bayansa kamar yadda aka kawo wasu a taƙaice a saman wannan gaɓar. Wannan doka ita ce ta bai wa Babban Bankin Najeriya cikakkiyar damar gudanar da ayyukansa ba tare da ƙaidi ba kan dukkan abubuwan da suka shafi sauran bankuna da kuma kamfanonin hada-hadar kuɗaɗe domin a samu daidaito da kuma ci gaba mai ɗorewa a harkar gudanar da tattalin arziƙi.

Sassa

Babban Bankin Najeriya yana da sassa da suke taimaka masa wajen gudanar da ayyukansa cikin sauƙi. Waɗannan sassa su ne:

  • Corporate Services Directorate
  • Economic Policy Directorate.
  • Financial System Stability Directorate
  • Governors' Directorate
  • Operations Directorate

Rassa

Babban Bankin Najeriya (CBN), yana da rassa a dukkan jahohin Najeriya talatin da shida da kuma Babban Birnin Tarayya Abuja, waɗanda adadin su ya kai har guda talatin da bakwai ƙari a kan cibiyarsa da ke Abuja. Ga rassan nasa kamar yadda muka ruwaito daga shafin Babban Bankin Najeriya a shekarar 2020:

  1. Abuja: Zaria Street, Garki II, Nigeria - P.M.B. 0187, Garki, Abuja.
  2. Abakaliki: No. 1 Nwene Street, Off Ezza Road, Abakiliki, Nigeria, Ebonyi State.
  3. Abeokuta: Ibrahim Babangida Boulevard, Abeokuta, Nigeria - P.M.B. 2217, Abeokuta, Ogun State.
  4. Ado-Ekiti: Secretariat road, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria - P.M.B. 5458, Ekiti State.
  5. Akure: Old Secretariat Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 805, Akure, Ondo State.
  6. Asaba: Along Benin_Onitsha Expressway, Asaba. , Nigeria, Delta State.
  7. Awka: 37, Azikiwe Avenue, Awka. , Nigeria, Anambra State.
  8. Bauchi: Off Ahmedu Bello Way, Nigeria - P.M.B. 0159, Bauchi, Bauchi State.
  9. Benin: 1, Akpakpava Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1120, Benin City, Edo State.
  10. Birnin- Kebbi: Sultan Abubakar road, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria, Kebbi State.
  11. Calabar: 8, Calabar Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1029, Calabar, Cross River State.
  12. Damaturu: 2 GRA Road,behide Central Mosque,Damaturu, Nigeria, Yobe State.
  13. Dutse: Sanni Abacha Way, Dutse, Nigeria - PMB 7155, Dutse, Jigawa State.
  14. Enugu: 3, Garden Avenue, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1039, Enugu,         Enugu State.
  15. Makurdi: Shitu Alao Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 102368, Markurdi, Benue State.
  16. Gombe: Off Shehu Abubakar Road Opposite Deputy Governors, Gombe State.
  17. Gusau: J.B.Yakubu St. Opposite Access Bank, Gusau, Zamfara State.
  18. Ibadan: Oba Adebimpe Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 5281, Ibadan, Oyo State.
  19. Lagos: Tinubu Sqare, Nigeria - P.M.B. 12194, Lagos, LAGOS State.
  20. Ilorin: 1, Sulu Gambari Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1365, Ilorin, Kwara State.
  21. Jalingo: Barde Way,Opposite PHCN Office, Jalingo, Nigeria, Taraba State.
  22. Jos: 4, Noad Avenue, Nigeria - P.M.B. 2080, Jos, Plateau State.
  23. Kaduna: 1A Yakubu Gowon Way, Nigeria - P.M.B. 2126, Kaduna, Kaduna State.
  24. Kano: 4A, Lagos Street, Nigeria - P.M.B. 3025, Kano, Kano State.
  25. Katsina: WTC Road, Katsina, Nigeria - P.M.B. 2151, Katsina, Katsina State.
  26. Lafia: Shendam Road, Lafia, Nigeria, Nassarawa State.
  27. Lokoja: Goverment House Road, Opposite Government House Lo, Nigeria, Kogi State.
  28. Maiduguri: 3, Kirikasama Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1177, Maiduguri, Borno State.
  29. Minna: Paiko Road, Minna, Nigeria., Nigeria - P.M.B. 15, Minna, Niger State.
  30. Osogbo: Plot 4 Gbogon Road, Osun GRA, Oshogbo. , Nigeria, Osun State.
  31. Owerri: New Okigwe Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1520, Owerri, Imo State.
  32. Port Harcourt: 2 Bank Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 5134 Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
  33. Sokoto: Gusau Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 2393, Sokoto, Sokoto State.
  34. Umuahia: Commissioners Quarters, Umuahia. , Nigeria, Abia State.
  35. Uyo: Plot 13 & 14 Abak Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 1218, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State.
  36. Yenegoa: 21 Osiri road, Ekeki Yenegoa, Nigeria, Bayelsa State.
  37. Yola: CBN Galadima Aminu Road, Nigeria - P.M.B. 2121, Yola, Adamawa State.

Shugabanci

Gwamna, shi ne jami’i mafi girman daraja a wannan banki kuma a duk faɗin ƙasa. Yana da mataimaka guda huɗu da su kuma suke jagorantar rassan da aka lissafa a sama. Ga su kamar haka:

  • Deputy Governor Corporate Service
  • Deputy Governor Economic Policy
  • Deputy Governor Financial System Stability
  • Deputy Governor Operations

Daga jawaban da suka gabata, idan muka taƙaita, za mu fahimci cewa, yau (2020), Babban Bankin Najeriya wanda a Turance ake kira da Central Bank of Nigeria, a taƙaice kuma CBN, yana da shekaru 61 (1959 – 2020) a duniya. Kenan, ya girmi samun ‘yancin kan Najeriya da shekara ɗaya.

Doka da aka yi a shekarar 1958, sannan kuma ta kama aiki a ranar 1 ga watan Yuni, 1959, ita ta kafa bankin wadda kuma aka riƙa sabunta ta akai-akai har zuwa yau ɗinan da muke ciki.

Kuma cewa alhakin gudanarwa, sarrafawa da kuma dukkan wani abu da ya shafi kuɗi ta fuskacin dokoki da tsare-tsare da suka shafi Gwamnatin Tarayya, sun rataya a kan wannan banki kacokaf.

Tuntuɓi Babban Bankin Najeriya

+234 700 225 5226 Imel: contactcbn@cbn.gov.ng
Ƙorafi: cpd@cbn.gov.ng
Tambaya Game da Diloli: +234 9 462 37804, +234 9 462 37802
Tsarin Bayar da Tallafin Aikin GonaCommercial Agricultural Credit Scheme (CACS): +234 9 46237602 Yaƙi da RashawaEthics & Anti-Corruption Helpline: +234 9 462 39246, +234 9 462 36000 ethicsoffice@cbn.gov.ng anticorruptionunit@cbn.gov.ng Hada-Hadar Kuɗaɗen ƘetareForex Helpdesk:+234 9 462 37827 +234 9 462 37831 Adireshi:Central Bank of Nigeria Plot 33, Abubakar Tafawa Ɓalewa Way Central Business District, Cadastral Zone, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria, P.M.B. 0187, Garki Abuja, Nigeria.

Manazarta:

CBN (2020). History of the CBN. An ciro a shekarar 2020 daga shafin: https://www.cbn.gov.ng/AboutCBN/history.asp

CBN (2020). Legal Tender. An ciro a shekarar 2020 daga shafin: https://www.cbn.gov.ng/Currency/legaltender.asp

CBN (2020). CBN Branches. An ciro a shekarar 2020 daga shafin: https://www.cbn.gov.ng/AboutCBN/Branch.asp

Danladi A.M. (2005). An Evaluation of The Impact of Central Bank of Nigeria Monetary Policy on The Development of The Nigerian Economy. Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Administration, Ahmadu Bello University. An ciro a shekarar 2020 daga shafin: http://kubanni.abu.edu.ng/

Ojukwu‐Ogba N. E. (2009). Banking sector reforms in Nigeria: legal implications for the banker–customer relationship, Commonwealth Law Bulletin, 35:4, 675-686, DOI: 10.1080/03050710903387790. An ciro a shekarar 2020, daga shafin: https://doi.org/10.1080/03050710903387790

Shafin Tarihi
Najeriya

Gwamnonin Babban Bankin Najeriya

  • Marigayi Roy Pentelow Fenton 7/24/1958 - 7/24/1963
  • Marigayi Alhaji Aliyu Mai-Bornu 7/25/1963 - 6/22/1967
  • Marigayi Dr. Clement Nyong Isong 8/15/1967 - 9/22/1975
  • Marigayi Malam Adamu Ciroma 9/24/1975 - 6/28/1977
  • Marigayi Mr. O. O. Vincent 6/28/1977 - 6/28/1982
  • Marigayi Alhaji Abdulƙadir Ahmed 6/28/1982 - 9/30/1993
  • Dr. Paul A. Ogwuma, OFR Served From: 10/1/1993 - 5/29/1999
  • Chief (Dr.) J. O. Sanusi, CON 5/29/1999 - 5/29/2004
  • Prof. Chukwuma C. Soludo, CFR 5/29/2004 - 5/29/2009
  • Malam Sanusi Lamiɗo Sanusi (CON) 6/3/2009 - 6/2/2014
  • Mr. Godwin-Emefiele 6/2/2014 Zuwa yau (2020)

Shugabannin Ƙasa

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